September 2000 Gasification Archive

For more information to help people develop better stoves for cooking with biomass fuels in developing regions, please see our web site: http://www.bioenergylists.org

From Stumpf at 495-simon.agrartech.uni-hohenheim.de Fri Sep 1 03:56:34 2000
From: Stumpf at 495-simon.agrartech.uni-hohenheim.de (Elmar Stumpf: stumpf@ats.uni-hohenheim.de)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Forwarding Clark on Ethanol Gel as alternative cooking fuel.
In-Reply-To: <v01540b04b5d426626878@[204.131.233.38]>
Message-ID: <11B4A7B97509@495-simon.agrartech.uni-hohenheim.de>

Dear Stovers, dear Ron:

Ron - may I help you in refreshing the memory a bit: in general, the Jatropha
Curcas Oil - as any other plan oil - can be used as a Diesel substitute in in
specially designed cooking stoves which work similar to the known kerosene
pressure stoves. We are working on the design of a stove like that. Our stove
already works pretty well with divers pure plant oils. Nevertheless, there is
still more research required especially in dealing with the clogging products
within the vaporizer as well as in designing a nozzle cleaning device (which we
didn't figure out so far - does anyone has an idea?).

Brett - since we are working on liquid fuels, we might be somewhat closely
related to your fuel. Maybe we can be of any help. I heard also of some guys at
a Dutch University which worked on the Ethanol Gel Fuel. If you are interested
I could get you connected with them.

This quick note for today.

Take care,
Elmar

Date: Thu, 31 Aug 2000 19:24:47 -0600
To: stoves@crest.org
From: larcon@sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Subject: Forwarding Clark on Ethanol Gel as alternative cooking fuel.
Cc: <BIT@worldonline.co.za>, <btremeer@dds.nl>

Stovers - The following message came in privately, but I think was intended
for full "stoves" list distribution. Certainly there are others on
"stoves" with more knowledge of this particular type of stove than I.

Brett - I have subscribed you to "stoves. Let me know whenever I should
drop you off. You can directly communicate with "stoves@crest.org" to
reach about 185 current subscribers.

I hope you don't mind my sending your excellent e-mail on to the
full "stoves" list. I hope that was your intention.

We have not had much discussion along this line, but I know that
there are list members who will have some comments and I hope will do so
through the full list.

One similar topic that came out of Zimbabwe a few years ago was the
use of Jatropha oil - using a plant that is probably available also in
South Africa. Perhaps someone can refresh our memories on this.

The product that comes closest is what we call "Sterno". I haven't
yet looked up your web site, but I presume your product is similar?

Best of luck - pleas ekeep us informed of your progress,

Ron

Dear Sirs,

To briefly introduce myself, I am a Director of a South African Company that
is very involved in dealing with innovative products that have health,
environment and safety advantages for the Developing nations. Obviously as
South Africa is our home a lot of our focus is local. I have read the
correspondence on the stove site with interest and thought you might be
able to assist us with a bit of information and/or advice.

We have a product called Mlilo Quick Stove, which is a low cost disposable
cooking unit with some reusable parts. This stove runs on an ethanol gel. We
developed the stove to address the present relief aid and disaster relief
situations. Whilst the UN policies regarding Health, Safety and the
environment are clearly defined, at present the preferred fuels in these
situations are still Paraffin, Coal and wood. This stove addresses all of
the previously mentioned concerns. At present we are trying to market the
product to the UN and any other relief aid agencies that may be interested.
The UNHCR have just done a test with the product in a refugee camp in
Namibia with very favourable results. I think for you to get a better
understanding of the product you should view our website. www.branmer.com

The reason for this correspondence is that we have started doing research
into the possibility of trying to replace or supplement the paraffin and
other harmful fuels market with this Ethanol gel technology, the present
domestic use paraffin market in SA is in the region of 1 billion lt a year
with worldwide users in excess of 550 million people. The environmental and
health aspects related to these fuels needs innovative solutions, of which
you seem to play a major role. We would also like to be part of finding the
solution. The present situation has suppliers looking for markets for their
ethanol production, and excesses in the corn and sugar cane markets driving
prices down forcing farmers to look for alternate revenue sources for their
crops. This is perhaps the ideal time to create an innovative solution that
will address all these issues.

Do you know if any research or thought has gone into the possibility of
using this alternative fuel to supplement or replace the harmful existing
fuels?

We also obviously need to look into the development of a more permanent
refillable stove. Is there perhaps someone you know that has experience with
stoves that make use of a similar fuel, it probably has different dynamics
to coal or wood burning stoves. We already have a few prototypes but would
like to know if there is someone we could talk to that might be interested
in helping us with further development or at least steer us in the right
direction?

I really would welcome any thoughts or criticisms you might have with regard
to our project.
Kind regards
Brett Clark, <BIT@worldonline.co.za>

Branmer International Trading

Tel : (+2711) 465 4041
Fax: (+2711) 467 3606
sales@branmer.com

Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net

The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

von:
Dipl.-Ing. Elmar Stumpf, M.Sc./Univ. of Wisc.-Madison
Institute for Agricultural Engineering in the Tropics and Subtropics
Hohenheim University (495)
Garbenstr. 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
Tel.: +49 (0)711 - 459 - 2840
Fax: +49 (0)711 - 459 - 3298
e-mail: stumpf@ats.uni-hohenheim.de

From larcon at sni.net Tue Sep 5 01:27:17 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Forwarding Flanders: (ZAMBIA) Stolen contaminated oil sold as cooking oil
Message-ID: <v01540b13b5da1dfc3079@[204.131.233.1]>

Stovers:

As she has done in the past, Cathy Flanders (a "stoves" list member
and coordinator of IAQ (Indoor Air Quality)) below forwards a "stoves"
topic
of potential concern to some members. Her original note contains more on
details of PCB contamination and control within Zambia (but not on the
stoves aspects). Anyone interested in the full detail can get it by
sending me a note.

Cathy: Thanks for this warning.

Cathy and others: Are there any tests that one can be used to determine
that any cooking oil is acceptable? In many places, the oil is sold in
such small quantities from other receptacles and the big cans are used
forever, so that I don't know how one would ever know the original source
of much "cooking" oil.

(The remainder is a shortened version of the original from Cathy.)

>
>Hello Ronal -
>
<snip>
>
>I don't know if you have any colleagues in Zambia, if so you may want to pass
>this along to them. More than likely they are already aware of this but in
>some countries the media is such that you have to hear about what's going on
>in your own backyard through the outside international media.
>
<snip>
>
>Zambia Struggles to Control Toxic PCBs
>
>By Singy Hanyona
>
>LUSAKA, Zambia, September 1, 2000 (ENS) - The Zambia Electricity Supply
>Corporation (ZESCO), the sole supplier of Zambia's hydroelectric power, has
>warned the public against unscrupulous people stealing oil which contains
>toxic chemicals from the company's transformers. This oil contains
>polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
>
>According to Mellon Chinjila, an official at ZESCO Environment and Social
>Affairs Unit in Lusaka, the contaminated oil is sold to the unsuspected
>public as cooking oil and skin lightening lotion.
>
>Chinjila warns that though this oil may appear to be normal cooking oil, it
>can in fact cause human organ damage and infertility in both males and
>females. "ZESCO has in the past months been distributing awareness
>materials on the potential dangers of PCBs to human health and the
>environment," Chinjila said.
>
<snip large section>
>
>© Environment News Service (ENS) 2000. All Rights Reserved.

>Regards -
> Cathy Flanders
> IAQ List Manager & Moderator
> E-Mail: iaq-owner@onelist.com
> Fax # 781-394-8288
> Personal E-Mail: RKFABF@aol.com
> IAQ List - Home
> http://www.onelist.com/community/iaq
> Candle Soot & Lead Wicks
> http://www.leadwicks.com/
> CANDLESOOT & INDOOR AIR QUALITY
> http://candlesoot.com/

From karve at wmi.co.in Tue Sep 5 13:12:59 2000
From: karve at wmi.co.in (karve)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: BFCS-2000: update and important instructions for delegates
Message-ID: <39B52B40.F94419C7@wmi.co.in>

Hello everyone,
The preparations for the conference are in full swing. Thanks to
your overwhelming response, it promises to be an interesting and
exciting event. As I envisage, the conference will be attended by a wide
variety of people - scientists, engineers, policy makers, funders,
entrepreneurs, rural development activists, social workers, government
representatives - coming from all parts of the world. We are expecting
about 20 delegates from outside India, and about 50-70 delegates from
within the country.
The letters of acceptance of papers received to date have been
dispatched by ordinary post. However, it appears that some of you have
not yet received the letters send in June. Therefore, let me repeat some
important things:
Each paper presenter can also display a poster based on his/her work
in a poster session, which will be open during November 20-22.
There are no restrictions on the length and format of the
manuscripts. The manuscripts will be published in the form of a
conference proceedings. In addition, a few selected papers will also be
published in the prestigious journal 'Energy for Sustainable
Development'. The selection of papers for publication in ESD will be
through the ususal editorial process followed by that journal.
Please note that the last date for receipt of manuscripts is
September 30, 2000.
I would also like to remind you that an exhibition of biomass energy
technologies/devices is also planned during the conference. The rent for
exhibition space is Rs.4000 for Indian exhibitors and USD 100 for
foreign exhibitors. The exhibition will remain open during November
20-22.
We would appreciate if all of you can bring some display material in
the form of posters, pictures, photographs and models, based on your
work in the field of biomass energy, in particular, and renewable
energy, in general. We are putting more emphasis on the poster session
and exhibits because the aim of the conference is to promote free and
informal interaction and dialogue.
We are also exploring the possibility of making the exhibition and
poster display open to the general public, and particularly inviting
local school and college students as visitors. This is being planned as
a part of a campaign aimed at generating awareness about renewable
energy sources.
We have arranged a video show during the conference. In case, any of
you wish to present your work in the form of a video film, please inform
me accordingly. You will need to bring a VHS video cassette.
As a part of the conference, two field trips are planned on November
23 and 24. In one trip, we will visit a workshop of an improved chulha
entrepreneur, a village where improved chulhas are in use, and ARTI's
Rural Entrepreneurship Development Center and field-station. In the
second trip, several establishments in the vicinity of Pune, that are
extensively using biomass energy and other renewable energy sources,
will be visited.
I would take this opportunity to remind all of you that you should
communicate your accomodation requirement at the earliest so that the
rooms can be reserved for you.
We are arranging accomodation in the guest house at the conferene
venue (per person per day Rs.250/- or approx. USD 6 for double
occupancy, and Rs.400/- or approx. USD 9 for single occupancy), or in an
executive hotel near by (per day Rs.1900/- or approx.USD 44 for single
room, Rs. 2400/- or approx.USD 55 for double room, with taxes extra).
You will have to send at least 75% of your total accomodation charge and
the registration fee, to enable us to book your rooms.
Please note that the accomodation charges that I have mentioned here
in USD can change a bit due to the fluctuating USD to Indian rupee
exchange rate. Also, the exact rates of the hotel are liable to change.
The amount that will be finally charged to you will be based on the
actual charge incurred in rupees.
Those of you who are planning to stay on after the conference,
please note that the accomodation in the guest house will not be
available after November 25, 2000, morning, due to another conference
scheduled at the same venue. Therefore, get in touch with me for
alternative accomodation arrangments, if required.
The registration fee and the accomodation charges are to be paid by
September 30 (without late fee) by a demand draft drawn in the name of
'Appropriate Rural Technology Institute'. Late registration is allowed
till November 20, 2000, with a late fee of Rs.250/-. Late registration
without late fee will be allowed only for those delegates who are unable
to confirm their participation in advance due to lack of international
travel assistance.
For those of you who have requested help in international travel
expenses: We are trying our best to generate funds for travel
assistance. I suppose you too must be engaged in individual efforts of
your own. In case you need any documents from us in this regard, please
feel free to contact me.
Those of you who are coming from outside India, may be interested in
touring around in India after the conference. We can help you plan your
tour. Contact me for more details.
Please make your travel plans so as to arrive in Pune by the evening
of November 19, at the most. Kindly inform me of your travel
arrangements, in advance, especially if you are not familiar with the
geography of Pune city.
Looking forward to seeing all of you in November,
yours sincerely,
Priyadarshini Karve
for BFCS-2000 Organising Committee.

begin:vcard
n:Karve;Priyadarshini
tel;fax:-
tel;home:91 020 5423258
tel;work:91 020 5442217/4390348/4392284
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
url:http://members.tripod.com/ARTI_India/index.html
org:Appropriate Rural Technology Institue (ARTI)
version:2.1
email;internet:karve@wmi.co.in
title:Member
note:ARTI is an NGO undertaking research projects to study, develop, standardise, implement, commercialise and popularise innovative appropriate rural technologies with special emphasis on making traditional rural enterprises more profitable and generating new employment opportunities through introduction of novel business possibilities in rural areas.
adr;quoted-printable:;;2nd Floor, Maninee Apartments,=0D=0AOpposite Pure Foods Co., Dhayarigaon,;Pune,;Maharashtra;411 041;India
fn:Dr. Priyadarshini Karve
end:vcard

From otto at sover.net Tue Sep 5 13:22:11 2000
From: otto at sover.net (Jonathan Otto)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Forwarding Clark on Ethanol Gel as alternative cooking fuel.
In-Reply-To: <v01540b04b5d426626878@[204.131.233.38]>
Message-ID: <39B5F5FC.7A3C41FA@sover.net>

Stovers --
I'm always delighted to see alternative LIQUID fuels get play on this
list -- only wish I was making more of a contribution in this area.
Three thoughts to share after a long silence:
1. On stoves for gel or other semi-liquid fuels: In the
first half of the 1800s many rural homesteads in north America relied on
lard as a fuel for lamps (abundant wood serving for cooking and heating
purposes, except on the prairies). These lamps are now found in museums
and high-priced antique shoppes, but I wonder if the fuel delivery mechanisms
for these lard lamps might have 'invented the wheel' for a new generation
of cookstoves using gel or even viscous liquids like plant oils.
2. New York Times OP-ED page editorial: "Get the Easy Greenhouse Gases
First" by Gregg Easterbrook, 29 August. He discusses new findings in a
study led by James Hansen of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies
that suggests carbon dioxide may be less of a culprit in trapping heat
in the atmosphere than other factors including 'black soot' coming from
such sources as developing world 'homes that use fires for cooking and
heating'. Anyone read this study yet? It would seem to give
additional impetus to those of us working for clean burning renewable fuels,
like plant oils such a Jatropha curcas.
3. On a personal note, our underfunded program working in this
area is finally getting enough momentum going to do some basic tinkering
(not to dignify it as research just yet) on really low cost designs for
cookstoves that burn plant oils for fuel. Our goal is something that
can compete in cost with the cheap Chinese kerosene 'jiko'. So far we've
come up with a kind of Jatropha blow torch that vaporizes dripped oil,
and a more sedate stove design using charcoal as a wicking material. Preheating
the oil seems a must. Both of our designs need lots of work-- certainly
not ready to demonstrate in the India stoves conference, alas, as this
is an all volunteer effort around paid labor commitments. I know there
are more sophisticated approaches for plant oil stoves, but is anyone else
working on the challenge of a truly affordable, i.e., US$10, jatropha-fueled
cookstove?
And ELK: I'll see you in NBO the end of this month or early October.
Cheers,
Jonathan Otto
ProTREE, Promotion of Technologies for Renewable Energy Enterprises
A program of Pamoja, Inc.
"Ronal W. Larson" wrote:
Stovers - The following message came in privately,
but I think was intended
for full "stoves" list distribution. Certainly there are others
on
"stoves" with more knowledge of this particular type of stove than
I.
Brett - I have subscribed you to "stoves. Let me know whenever
I should
drop you off. You can directly communicate with "stoves@crest.org"
to
reach about 185 current subscribers.
I hope you don't mind my
sending your excellent e-mail on to the
full "stoves" list. I hope that was your intention.
We have not had much
discussion along this line, but I know that
there are list members who will have some comments and I hope will
do so
through the full list.
One similar topic that came
out of Zimbabwe a few years ago was the
use of Jatropha oil - using a plant that is probably available also
in
South Africa. Perhaps someone can refresh our memories on this.
The product that comes closest
is what we call "Sterno". I haven't
yet looked up your web site, but I presume your product is similar?
Best of luck - pleas ekeep
us informed of your progress,
Ron
Dear Sirs,
To briefly introduce myself, I am a Director of a South African Company
that
is very involved in dealing with innovative products that have health,
environment and safety advantages for the Developing nations. Obviously
as
South Africa is our home a lot of our focus is local. I have read the
correspondence on the stove site with interest and thought you might
be
able to assist us with a bit of information and/or advice.
We have a product called Mlilo Quick Stove, which is a low cost disposable
cooking unit with some reusable parts. This stove runs on an ethanol
gel. We
developed the stove to address the present relief aid and disaster
relief
situations. Whilst the UN policies regarding Health, Safety and the
environment are clearly defined, at present the preferred fuels in
these
situations are still Paraffin, Coal and wood. This stove addresses
all of
the previously mentioned concerns. At present we are trying to market
the
product to the UN and any other relief aid agencies that may be interested.
The UNHCR have just done a test with the product in a refugee camp
in
Namibia with very favourable results. I think for you to get a better
understanding of the product you should view our website. www.branmer.com
The reason for this correspondence is that we have started doing research
into the possibility of trying to replace or supplement the paraffin
and
other harmful fuels market with this Ethanol gel technology, the present
domestic use paraffin market in SA is in the region of 1 billion lt
a year
with worldwide users in excess of 550 million people. The environmental
and
health aspects related to these fuels needs innovative solutions, of
which
you seem to play a major role. We would also like to be part
of finding the
solution. The present situation has suppliers looking for markets for
their
ethanol production, and excesses in the corn and sugar cane markets
driving
prices down forcing farmers to look for alternate revenue sources
for their
crops. This is perhaps the ideal time to create an innovative solution
that
will address all these issues.
Do you know if any research or thought has gone into the possibility
of
using this alternative fuel to supplement or replace the harmful existing
fuels?
We also obviously need to look into the development of a more permanent
refillable stove. Is there perhaps someone you know that has experience
with
stoves that make use of a similar fuel, it probably has different
dynamics
to coal or wood burning stoves. We already have a few prototypes but
would
like to know if there is someone we could talk to that might be interested
in helping us with further development or at least steer us in the
right
direction?
I really would welcome any thoughts or criticisms you might have with
regard
to our project.
Kind regards
Brett Clark, <BIT@worldonline.co.za>
Branmer International Trading
Tel : (+2711) 465 4041
Fax: (+2711) 467 3606
sales@branmer.com
Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

From kchishol at fox.nstn.ca Tue Sep 5 17:57:47 2000
From: kchishol at fox.nstn.ca (Kevin Chisholm)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Forwarding Clark on Ethanol Gel as alternative cooking fuel.
In-Reply-To: <v01540b04b5d426626878@[204.131.233.38]>
Message-ID: <39B56C15.2D4C3757@fox.nstn.ca>

Dear Stovers

Jonathan Otto wrote:
>
> Stovers --
>
> I'm always delighted to see alternative LIQUID fuels get play on this
> list -- only wish I was making more of a contribution in this area.
> Three thoughts to share after a long silence:
>
> 1. On stoves for gel or other semi-liquid fuels: In the first half
...del...

Would anyone have recipes for how to make jelled ethanol, and gelled
methanol? I am curious as to how this is done, and would appreciate any
comments or recipes anyone could post.

Thanks.

Kevin Chisholm
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

From larcon at sni.net Wed Sep 6 16:44:16 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Forwarding request from Nigeria
Message-ID: <v01540b02b5dc33d7d9a8@[204.131.233.19]>

Stovers: Perhaps someone is nearby or going to Nigeria who can provde
direct help.

Bolaji: I am adding you to our "stoves" list, in the belief that is the
best way to help. Please review our archives and you may find some threads
that that will be helpful:

Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/

The subject is simply too large to offer simple answers in a short
space. We will be having a conference in November in India - which is
probably
the best way to get an idea of what is happening with stove development.

Remember that a lot will be dependent on local conditions. Please
keep us informed of your progress or further questions.

Ron

>Date: Tue, 5 Sep 2000 03:45:40 -0700 (PDT)
>From: bolaji awosanya <bolaji_awosanya@yahoo.com>
>Subject: Biomass production and coal
>To: stoves@crest.org
>MIME-Version: 1.0
>Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
>
>I am trying to follow up on alternative sources of
>energy for domestic and industrial application and I
>am quite interested in Biomass & Charcoal Stoves for
>domestic use in Nigeria. This is because the poverty
>level in Nigeria is on the increase, this coupled with
>the upward trend of organic fuel or petroleum products
>(Kerosine is mostly used).
>
>Principally, I think biomass processing is critically
>essential and can be easily promoted (I think I could
>apply it to a particular scheme the government is
>working on, in relation to poverty alleviation). This
>should lead to a sustained market for stoves.
>
>I look forward to reply so we could further explore
>the opportunities.
>

Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net

From larcon at sni.net Wed Sep 6 16:44:42 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Forwarding Vogel: NATURAL FINES OF MEZQUITE CHARCOAL IN MEXICO
Message-ID: <v01540b0ab5dc44eddd77@[204.131.233.19]>

Stovers (and especially Elsen Karstad): Perhaps someone would like to assist:

Hector: Several suggestions:

1. Review our archives - espcially for the name of Elsen Karstad,
who has reported over the past several years in the very good succes he has
been having in Nairobi Kenya in briquetting fines and selling them at a
good profit in competition with bulk charcoal. He is also producing
"fines" from sawdust now to produce the same product - but starting with
fines is much easier.

Perhaps Elsen can contact you about how to best proceed - but it
seems this is mostly a matter of finding a low cost means of producing
briquettes. Elsen uses mostly a clay binder and much hand labor..

2. I am signing you up for "stoves" so I hope you will follow and
add to some of our stove and charcoal discussions.

3. You will find some interesting new material from Brazil in our
recent archives on producing charcoal in a more environmentally friendly
manner (flaring instead of venting the gases). We would like to hear more
about the problems of charcoal producers in Mexico.

4. When I worked in Sudan in the early 80's they were developing a
charcoal-using stove in which the fines were placed around the outside of
the cookstove, serving as an excellent early insulator. The central region
used normal charcoal and was started in a normal way. But after awhile the
outside fines also were consumed, producing an extended combustion and
reducing the need for high-cost charcoal. For a reason I never learned,
the stove didn't quite work well enough. Anyone know the reason? I
believe the basic concept should still be sound as a way to use the fines
in a productive low-cost manner.

5. Please keep us informed of your progress.

Ron

(the remainder is all from Hector Vogel:)

>From: la sierra <lasierra@acnet.net>
>To: "'owner-stoves@crest.org'" <owner-stoves@crest.org>
>Subject: NATURAL FINES OF MEZQUITE CHARCOAL IN MEXICO
>Date: Tue, 5 Sep 2000 15:16:41 -0500
>MIME-Version: 1.0
>X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by lynx.sni.net id OAA17612
>
>I AM HECTOR GARZA VOGEL AND I PRODUCE NATURAL MEZQUITE CHARCOAL MY COMPANY
>IS CARBONERA LA SIERRA S.A. DE C.V..
>IN OUR EMPACKING PROCESS WE HAVE A REMAIN ( FINES ) AND I WAS WONDERING
>IF WE CAN REHUSE THIS PRODUCT. THE REMAINS ARE LITTLE PIECES OF CHARCOAL
>AND DUST AND REPRESENT ALMOST 15 % OF THE PRODUCT . I AM ALSO SECRETARY
>OF THE NATIONAL ASOCIATION OF PEOPLE WHO WORKS NATURAL CHARCOAL SO YOU
>CAN IMAGINE THE INMENSE MOUNT OF FINES WE CAN GET IT .
>WE ARE LOOKING FOR A PROCESS THAT HELPS TO USE IT AGAIN IN THE CHEAPEST
>WAY OR PEOPLE WHO WERE INTERSTED IN BUYING THE FINES. MY ADRESS IS
> AVENIDA ACAPULCO 211 COL. LA FE EN SAN NICOLAS DE LOS GARZA NUEVO
>LEON MEXICO AND MY TEL. (52)(8) 3-27-55-01 , 3-27-55-01 , 3-27-75-60 AND
>MY E-MAIL
>IS lasierra@acnet.net
>
>
>
>

Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net

From larcon at sni.net Thu Sep 7 00:25:59 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Forwarding Vedelago on "Herreshoff Roasters"
Message-ID: <v01540b05b5dc64e8fa82@[204.131.233.39]>

Stovers - anyone able to help?

Luigi - I am forwarding this to our "stoves" list with some trepidation.
Most of our group are interested in much smaller scale and only a fraction
have an interest in charcoal. Nevertheless, we seem to be one of the few
places talking about charcoal production on the internet - and some of us
are always anxious to learn more.

I send this on since we get enough inquiries on charcoal that I
suspect some list member or listener will have some good advice.

But I also want to commend some of our members who may have
alternative smaller scale approaches - and which especially may be more
environmentally friendly (because the pyrolysis gases are flared rather
than vented

>I work in a Nickel Refinery where part of the plant includes 12 Herreshoff
>Roasters each with 17 hearths. These 12 roasters have been in operation for
>about 25 years. As I suppose would be expected the overhauls we are
>performing on each are becoming more extensive. One activity being performed
>as part of the overhaul is re-plating areas of the roaster shell where the
>original shell has corroded and is exposing the internal refractory. Hence
>this email to you as an enquiry and advice if you can offer any suggestions
>on repair procedures on the shell of the roaster or perhaps you may know of
>roasters which have had to have the steel shell repaired. I would like to
>know to what extent the roasters have had the shell repaired.
>Your suggestions and help is appreciated.
>Regards
>Luigi Vedelago
>Townsville, North Queensland, Australia

Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net

From larcon at sni.net Thu Sep 7 18:26:01 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Reporting on a conversation re methanol stoves
Message-ID: <v01540b00b5dda6f0e0d3@[204.131.233.35]>

Stovers:

One of the joys of this volunteer coordinator position is getting
surprise e-mails or phone calls from interesting people. This is to report
on such a phone conversation with Dr. C. A. Stokes - a retired (in Florida)
Chem Eng. graduate of MIT, with a long history of work in areas like ours.
C.A. (or "Andy") (<andystokes@aol.com>) has agreed to jump in to add to and
correct the brief summary I am about to give on the subject of cook stoves
for developing countries that are based on methanol - a subject I do not
recall having previously been raised on this list.

Andy got into this business after using an "Origo" (sp?) that used
ethanol - manufactured by Electrolux (world's largest supplier of kitchen
equipment (?) - headquarters in Switzerland) - and being very impressed by
its performance. But he thought methanol would offer improvements in cost
and performance ("smokeless") and eventually (after visiting Switzerland)
convinced Electrolux. He and Electrolux are now well along in offering
this in large scale production - expected (2-burners) to cost about 25 c
per day (for about 1 liter) - with an initial cost of about $50.
Representatives will be at our conference in Pune in November to
demonstrate the stove. I believe Andy said that initial consumer-test
reaction has been positive.

Eventual production of the methanol could be from biomass sources
(and therefore justifies discussion on this list) - but initially Andy is
promoting the use of methanol coming from natural gas. I have been
spending a lot of time looking at natural gas issues for the last several
months (in order to promote renewable alternatives in the US where the
natural gas price has more than doubled - to $5.00/MMBTU - in the last
year). But Natural Gas pricing is unlike that of oil (relatively uniform
world-side) - as very little is transported by ship as liquified natrual
gas (LNG). There is a world-wide glut with lots of low-price gas that is
unfortunately often flared for lack of a market.

So - this new stoves topic is offered up for comment.

A1. Does this list see this as a good alternative to wood-fired
cook-stoves?
A2. Is there agreement with Andy that methanol should be the fuel
of preference?

Andy - I am sure I have not done justice to your proposed optimum approach.
Would you please (as a newly enrolled "stoves" member) add whatever you
wish to make this story more complete? In particular, also :
B1. Could you explain the technical reasons (molecular structure,
etc) for prefering methanol over ethanol (or other liquid options such as
seed or other oils).
B2. What technical changes were necessary as a successful
ethanol-based product was converted over to methanol?
B3. As there is much interest in this list on biomass rather than
fossil resources, under what future local gas price, plantation expertise,
and conversion conditions would you expect to see a shift to biomass-bsed
methanol? Could it be soon in some countries?
B4. Any special words aobut lighting systems with methanol?
B5. Why are liquid alcohol fuels better than gels?

And thank you very much for your call, which was a lot of fun.
Good luck in your efforts on developing better cook stoves. This is an
interesting new contribution to our list discussion of alternatives>

Ron

Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net

From rmiranda at sdnnic.org.ni Fri Sep 8 15:54:42 2000
From: rmiranda at sdnnic.org.ni (Rogerio Miranda)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Reporting on a conversation re methanol stoves
In-Reply-To: <v01540b00b5dda6f0e0d3@[204.131.233.35]>
Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.20000908130444.00b27e10@205.218.248.130>

Dear friends:

I have being in colaboration with Mrs. Stokes about promoting the methanol
stoves here in Nicaragua. I have one origo stove donated by then, and it
is a beautiful stove, very simple to operate and maintain, compact, safe
and clean burning. It could be a perfect stove to replace firewood in
Nicaragua, since one can buy small amounts of fuel as need, daily, which
is one of the advantages of firewood over LPG here. For me it is a much
better stove than kerosene. The problems we are facing is the how to
develop the market, in which a good distribution of methanol will be in
place for consumers, and also the caution about not drinking methanol,
since it can cause blindness.

rogerio

At 03:41 p.m. 07/09/00 -0600, you wrote:
>Stovers:
>
> One of the joys of this volunteer coordinator position is getting
>surprise e-mails or phone calls from interesting people. This is to report
>on such a phone conversation with Dr. C. A. Stokes - a retired (in Florida)
>Chem Eng. graduate of MIT, with a long history of work in areas like ours.
>C.A. (or "Andy") (<andystokes@aol.com>) has agreed to jump in to add to and
>correct the brief summary I am about to give on the subject of cook stoves
>for developing countries that are based on methanol - a subject I do not
>recall having previously been raised on this list.
>
> Andy got into this business after using an "Origo" (sp?) that used
>ethanol - manufactured by Electrolux (world's largest supplier of kitchen
>equipment (?) - headquarters in Switzerland) - and being very impressed by
>its performance. But he thought methanol would offer improvements in cost
>and performance ("smokeless") and eventually (after visiting Switzerland)
>convinced Electrolux. He and Electrolux are now well along in offering
>this in large scale production - expected (2-burners) to cost about 25 c
>per day (for about 1 liter) - with an initial cost of about $50.
>Representatives will be at our conference in Pune in November to
>demonstrate the stove. I believe Andy said that initial consumer-test
>reaction has been positive.
>
> Eventual production of the methanol could be from biomass sources
>(and therefore justifies discussion on this list) - but initially Andy is
>promoting the use of methanol coming from natural gas. I have been
>spending a lot of time looking at natural gas issues for the last several
>months (in order to promote renewable alternatives in the US where the
>natural gas price has more than doubled - to $5.00/MMBTU - in the last
>year). But Natural Gas pricing is unlike that of oil (relatively uniform
>world-side) - as very little is transported by ship as liquified natrual
>gas (LNG). There is a world-wide glut with lots of low-price gas that is
>unfortunately often flared for lack of a market.
>
> So - this new stoves topic is offered up for comment.
>
> A1. Does this list see this as a good alternative to wood-fired
>cook-stoves?
> A2. Is there agreement with Andy that methanol should be the fuel
>of preference?
>
>Andy - I am sure I have not done justice to your proposed optimum approach.
>Would you please (as a newly enrolled "stoves" member) add whatever you
>wish to make this story more complete? In particular, also :
> B1. Could you explain the technical reasons (molecular structure,
>etc) for prefering methanol over ethanol (or other liquid options such as
>seed or other oils).
> B2. What technical changes were necessary as a successful
>ethanol-based product was converted over to methanol?
> B3. As there is much interest in this list on biomass rather than
>fossil resources, under what future local gas price, plantation expertise,
>and conversion conditions would you expect to see a shift to biomass-bsed
>methanol? Could it be soon in some countries?
> B4. Any special words aobut lighting systems with methanol?
> B5. Why are liquid alcohol fuels better than gels?
>
> And thank you very much for your call, which was a lot of fun.
>Good luck in your efforts on developing better cook stoves. This is an
>interesting new contribution to our list discussion of alternatives>
>
>Ron
>
>Ronal W. Larson, PhD
>21547 Mountsfield Dr.
>Golden, CO 80401, USA
>303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
>larcon@sni.net
>
>
>The Stoves List is Sponsored by
>Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
>Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
>http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
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>For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
>http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm
>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Rogerio Carneiro de Miranda
Asesor Tecnico Principal
PROLEÑA/Nicaragua
Apartado Postal C-321
Managua, Nicaragua
TELEFAX (505) 276 2015, 270 5448
EMAIL: rmiranda@sdnnic.org.ni
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
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Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

From Reedtb2 at cs.com Wed Sep 13 18:30:43 2000
From: Reedtb2 at cs.com (Reedtb2@cs.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Methanol vs Ethanol...
Message-ID: <b6.a8242ca.26f15a08@cs.com>

Dear Ron Larson et al:

RON WROTE:

AS HEAD OF THE GASIFICATION LIST, I'LL SECOND THAT THOUGHT. I GET LOTS OF
INTERETING AND INFORMATIVE CALLS.

AS ANYONE WHO HAS USED A FONDUE POT KNOWS, METHANOL AND ETHANOL BURN MUCH
CLEANER THAN KEROSENE. AS BOY SCOUTS WE USED "STERNO" CANS OF GELLED
ALCOHOLS FOR COOKING. I BELIEVE STERNO HAS CONTAINED EITHER METHANOL OR
ETHANOL AT VARIOUS TIMES AND PLACES. THE OLD CAN IN MY GARAGE DOESN'T HAVE A
METHANOL WARNING, SO MAY BE ETHANOL.

So - this new stoves topic is offered up for comment.

A1. Does this list see this as a good alternative to wood-fired
cook-stoves?

SOUNDS VERY INTERESTING AND I'LL LOOK FORWARD TO SEEING THE STOVE AT THE PUNE
CONFERENCE. ALCOHOLS ARE MORE CONVENIENT AND CLEANER THAN WOOD STOVES, BUT
ALSO MORE EXPENSIVE. (OUR NEW TURBO STOVE GASIFIERS WOOD AND THEN BURNS THE
GAS WITHOUT ODOR.)

OF COURSE ALCOHOL STOVES ARE PROBABLY OLDER THAN KEROSENE/GASOLINE STOVES,
SINCE BOTH ETHANOL AND METHANOL WERE CHEAP AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY BEFORE
BIG OIL GOT CRANKED UP. MANY CARS RAN ON ALCOHOL TOO. THE PRIMUS ALCOHOL
STOVE HAS BEEN THE FAVORITE OF BACKPACKERS MOST OF THE CENTURY AND CAN USE
EITHER METHANOL OR ETHANOL.
~~~~~
THE FINAL PREFERENCE BETWEEN METHANOL AND ETHANOL WILL ALWAYS BE DECIDED IN
PART ON COST AND AVAILABILITY. FOR NOW PETROLEUM FUELS ARE AS CHEAP OR
CHEAPER THAN ALCOHOL FUELS. METHANOL IS CURRENTLY AROUND $.50/GAL IN BULK
AND ETHANOL AROUND $1.25 IN BULK. (METHANOL HAS HALF THE ENERGY PER GALLON OF
GASOLINE AND ETHANOL HAS 2/3 THE ENERGY OF GASOLINE.)

A2. Is there agreement with Andy that methanol should be the fuel
of preference?

I HEARTILY SECOND THAT - IN THE LONG RUN, AND WILL GET LOTS OF CRITICISM FROM
OUR SHORT RUN "ETHANOL'" LIST AT CREST. HERE'S THE LONG/SHORT ARGUMENTS.

HUMANS HAVE BEEN MAKING ETHANOL FROM SUGAR AND STARCH FOR OVER 10,000 YEARS -
MOSTLY VERY DILUTE (<12% WITH MOST YEASTS). THE ARABS DISCOVERED
DISTILLATION ABOUT 1000 AD AND MORE CONCENTRATED BEVERAGE ALCOHOLS
PROLIFERATED. IN THE 1800s THE FRENCH BEGAN PIONEERING THE USE OF ETHANOL
FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES, MOSTLY AS SOLVENTS.

DURING WWII ETHANOL WAS WIDELY USED AS A BLEND FUEL. (UP TO 10% MOST PLACES
AND THEY LOVED IT; UP TO 30% IN fRANCE AND THEY HATED IT.) BECAUSE OF ITS
HIGH OCTANE IT WAS ALSO USED IN SMALL PLANES. UNFORTUNATELY BLENDS REQUIRE
100% ETHANOL AND DISTILLATION CAN ONLY PRODUCE 95% WITHOUT HAVING TO "BREAK
THE AZEOTROPE", WHICH ADDS EXPENSE.

EARLY IN THE 19TH CENTURY IT WAS DISCOVERED THAT THE "SMOKE" GENERATED DURING
CHARCOAL MAKING CONTAINED ALL SORTS OF CHEMICAL GOODIES LIKE ACETIC ACID,
ACETONE AND ... METHANOL (1.5% FROM HARWOODS, 0% FROM SOFWOODS). AS A
BYPRODUCT OF CHARCOAL MAKING THESE CHEMICALS WERE QUITE CHEAP AND COULD BE
USED COMMERCIALLY.

SO, DEPENDING ON PLACE, PRODUCTION AND PRICE, THE TWO ALCOHOLS HAVE BEEN USED
MORE OR LESS INTERCHANGABLY.
~~~~~~~~
IN 1923, THE CHEMISTS AT I G FARBEN DISCOVERED A CATALYST THAT COULD MAKE
METHANOL (50%) YIELD FROM COAL GASIFICATION, AND THAT METHANOL WAS MUCH
CHEAPER THAN METHANOL FROM WOOD DISTILLATION (WOOD ALCOHOL) OR ETHANOL FROM
CORN/POTATOES/STARCHY AND SUGARY PRODUCTS.

I LIKE TO DRIVE MY CAR AND I PLAN TO LIVE A LONG TIME. IN 1973 I BECAME
INTERESTED IN THE QUESTION OF WHAT FUELS WE WOULD USE AFTER OIL WAS GONE. I
LOOKED AT THE ALCOHOLS - CLEAN BURNING, WELL ESTABLISHED FOR COOKING AND
MOTOR FUELS.

AT THAT TIME ETHANOL WAS $1.25/GAL AND METHANOL $0.15/GAL. I FIGURED THE
DIFFERENCE REFLECTED REALITIES OF PRODUCTION.
~~~~~
IN 1980 FARMERS DISCOVERED THAT THEY COULD MARKET EXCESS CORN AS THE ETHANOL
BLEND FUEL "GASOHOL". THEY COULD ALSO IN PRINCIPLE PRODUCE THE ETHANOL ON
THE FARM. WOW! SERI (NOW NREL) WROTE THE BOOK "FUELS FROM FARMS" IN 1980,
AND I HAVE A COMPLIMENTARY BOUND COPY SINCE I WAS ONE OF THE WRITERS.

YES, FARMERS CAN MAKE FUEL ON THE FARM, BUT ARCHER DANIEL MIDLANDS CAN MAKE
IT CHEAPER AND HAS SCARFED UP MOST OF THE SUBSIDIES EVER SINCE.
~~~~~
METHANOL FROM NATURAL GAS IS MUCH CHEAPER THAN ETHANOL. METHANOL FROM WOOD,
CORN STOVER, TRASH ETC. IS POTENTIALLY MUCH CHEAPER THAN ETHANOL FROM CORN,
BUT REQUIRES GASIFICATION, COMPRESSION AND A CATALYST. WE BUILT THE GASIFIER
AT NREL IN THE 1980s AND PRODUCED 1 GALLON OF METHANOL AT GREAT EXPENSE.

BUT UNTIL THE NEED BECOMES MORE CRITICAL WE'LL CONTINUE TO MAKE METHANOL FROM
NATURAL GAS.

SINCE CELLULOSE IS A POLYMER OF THE SUGARS NEEDED TO MAKE ETHANOL, SCIENTISTS
HAVE BEEN WORKING ON "CRACKING THE CELLULOSE NUT" SINCE ABOUT 1910. PLANTS
WERE BUILT DURING WW I AND WW II AND SHUT DOWN ASAP AFTER THE WAR.
SCIENTISTS HAVE BEEN PROMISING CHEAP ETHANOL FROM CELLULOSE BY ENZYMATIC OR
ACID HYDROLYSIS FOR 100YEARS. MAKES GREAT RESEARCH FUNDING. I HOPE I LIVE
LONG ENOUGH TO SEE THEM SUCCEED AND BECOME COMMERCIAL. A NEW VENTURE IS
ANNOUNCED WTIH GREAT FANFARE EVERY YEAR, COLLECTING ENTHUSIASTIC INVESTORS.
I HAVE BECOME CAUTIOUS.

Andy - I am sure I have not done justice to your proposed optimum approach.
Would you please (as a newly enrolled "stoves" member) add whatever you
wish to make this story more complete? In particular, also :

B1. Could you explain the technical reasons (molecular structure,
etc) for prefering methanol over ethanol (or other liquid options such as
seed or other oils).

B2. What technical changes were necessary as a successful
ethanol-based product was converted over to methanol?

B3. As there is much interest in this list on biomass rather than
fossil resources, under what future local gas price, plantation expertise,
and conversion conditions would you expect to see a shift to biomass-bsed
methanol? Could it be soon in some countries?

B4. Any special words aobut lighting systems with methanol?

B5. Why are liquid alcohol fuels better than gels?

Ron

THIS IS A DEBATE THAT WILL CONTINUE THROUGH MOST OF THE 21ST CENTURY. MAN
PROPOSES AND GOD DISPOSES.....

CHEERS, TOM REED BEF/CPC

From jmp at mailgate.nyserda.org Fri Sep 15 08:40:28 2000
From: jmp at mailgate.nyserda.org (Jeff Peterson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Bioenergy 2000: Moving Technology into the Marketplace
Message-ID: <0009159690.AA969021491@mailgate.nyserda.org>

Register Today for Bioenergy 2000: Moving Technology into the
Marketplace
October 15-19, 2000
Buffalo, New York

If you haven't already registered for Bioenergy 2000, it's not too
late! Visit the Northeast Regional Biomass Program web site at
www.nrbp.org for the latest agenda and information about technical
tours and to download a registration form.

All meetings and the trade show will be held at the Adam's Mark Hotel
in Buffalo, New York. Make your reservations by September 22 to
receive the conference rate of $105 by calling (716) 845-5100. Be sure
to mention Bioenergy 2000.

Contact the conference coordinator, Leslie Fain, if you have any
questions about registration or hotel accommodations (301) 942-5579.

From krksmith at uclink4.berkeley.edu Fri Sep 15 17:47:29 2000
From: krksmith at uclink4.berkeley.edu (Kirk R. Smith)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Stove and kiln emissions: Two USEPA reports now downloadable
Message-ID: <4.2.0.58.20000915144221.01d70d00@uclink4.berkeley.edu>

The following reports can now be downloaded from

http://www.epa.gov/crb/apb/publications.htm

Smith KR, Uma
R, Kishore VVN, Lata K, Joshi V, Zhang J, Rasmussen RA, and Khalil MAK,
(2000) Greenhouse Gases from Small-scale Combustion Devices in
Developing Countries, Phase IIa: Household Stoves in India.
EPA-600/R-00-052, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Research and Development, Washington, D.C., June.

Smith KR, Pennise DM, Khummongkol P, Chaiwong V, Ritgeen K, Zhang J,
Panyathanya W, Rasmussen RA, Khalil MAK, and Thorneloe SA (1999)
Greenhouse Gases from Small-scale Combustion Devices in Developing
Countries. Phase III: Charcoal-Making Kilns in Thailand.
EPA-600/R-99-109, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Research and Development, Washington, D.C., December.

We also have a number of journal article coming out - please contact me
for a list. Best/K

From english at adan.kingston.net Sat Sep 16 22:51:53 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: CO from Wood Gasifiers Stoves
Message-ID: <200009170252.WAA27709@adan.kingston.net>

Dear Mike,

Tom Reed is indeed promoting wood gas stoves for general public use.
Aside from the fact that cooking stoves are usually well monitored
compared to heating stoves, his design has a few features which make
accidental poisoning from Carbon monoxide less likely than some
arrangements. The fuel is lit on top and fuel carbonization proceeds
from the top down producing a tar rich "smoky" gas which supports a
stable flame. With a loss of flame, which could occur at very low
firing rates or if the fan quit, the smoke would quickly alert the
user to take corrective action. The risky time is after the fuel has
been carbonized and is gasifying from the bottom up. Loss of flame
will only occur at this stage if the fan goes off. At this point
there is likely less than 100 grams of charcoal available to produce
CO.

I decided to take a stove at this stage, with the fan off, and the
hot charcoal from wood pellets still glowing, and place it into a
completely shut, but not sealed, van. The CO level in the van, 4
cubic metres of space, rose to a peak of 140 ppmv in twenty minutes
and slowly dropped to 40ppmv after about two hours. By which time the
charcoal was cool enough to touch. Larger, self insulating, piles of
charcoal pellets can smoulder for days.

It seems unlikely that anyone would use this stove in such a confined
space. It also seems unlikely that a ventilated kitchen
would build up lethal levels of CO from this stove when used with
non charcoal fuel. One way to reduce this possibility
further would be to place the lower air supply such that there
remains some small quantity of pyrolysing fuel in the bottom until
most of the charcoal has been consumed, thus producing the smoke
warning when the fan quits and the flame goes out.

It should be a simple matter to do a field study of this problem, and
it should be done.

Regards,
Alex English

Mike Norris wrote;
I have a general question about gasification for a household
appliance such as a cookstove. I appreciate that gasification will
produce a clean smokeless flame that will have much lower toxic
emissions than a traditional wood fire. However, I am quite
concerned about CO poisoning in the event of a flame-out or after the
burner is shutdown. The evolved gases are 10%+ CO and extremely
toxic. Extensive precautions would be taken in a laboratory if
personnel were working with such a toxic gas. I've read that some 13
people died in the first 2 years of W.W.II in Sweden from using wood
gasifiers and a couple of researchers died in the eighties. What can
be done to build a real product that would gasify biomasswithout
exposing consumers to CO poisoning? One has to consider malfunctions
of the hardware and foolish use by the consumer. Is it reasonable to
advocate gasification for general public use or should it's use be
limited to industrialized settings with trained operators?

respectfully
Mike Norris

From j.joyce at sri.org.au Sun Sep 17 18:38:49 2000
From: j.joyce at sri.org.au (j.joyce@sri.org.au)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: GAS-L: CO from Wood Gasifiers Stoves
Message-ID: <200009172238.SAA28753@crest.solarhost.com>

To: gasification@crest.org
Cc: stoves@crest.org
X-Mailer: Lotus Notes Release 5.0.1 (Intl) 16 July 1999
Message-ID: <OF8EE70A2B.D962C69C-ON4A25695D.007B49F0@sri.org.au>
Date: Mon, 18 Sep 2000 08:32:29 +1000
X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on Hub/SRI(Release 5.0.4 |June 8, 2000) at
09/18/2000
08:32:36 AM
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

I am just about to order a CO sensing fire detector from Tyco Services.
These units typically detect at 40ppm CO, but the industrial versions can
be set to trigger as low as 30ppm or as high as 70ppm. At $148 Australian
for a domestic style unit (or $80US)) I consider it pretty cheap insurance
for anyone experimenting with combustion or gasification.

James Joyce
Engineer
Sugar Research Institute
Mackay, Queensland
Australia

"*.English"

<english@adan.king To: stoves@crest.org,
gasification@crest.org
ston.net> cc:

Sent by: Subject: GAS-L: CO from
Wood Gasifiers Stoves
owner-gasification

@crest.org

17/09/00
13:49
Please respond
to
gasification

Reply-to: english@adan.kingston.net
CC: Mike Norris <mnorris@dekaresearch.com>
Priority: normal
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v2.52)

Dear Mike,

snip

From robngail at bolian.upnaway.com Mon Sep 18 13:15:21 2000
From: robngail at bolian.upnaway.com (Rob Williamson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: liquid piston stirling engine
Message-ID: <200009181715.NAA27842@crest.solarhost.com>

Date: Mon, 18 Sep 2000 20:23:52 +0800
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My name is Rob Williamson I live in Australia and have tired for about a =
year to find plans for a liquid piston Stirling engine. I have made =
several models but none of then has worked. I have just completed =
another search for liquid piston Stirling engines and your details came =
up. I apologise for the interruption but if you know anything about the =
engine I would love to know more, I am especially keen to build a model. =
as previously stated I began searching ever since I saw a photo of a =
LPSE but no one seems to know anything about them.

I have just connected to the net at home tonight so I am unsure of the =
internet addresses, however I have a hotmail address.=20
rswilliamson@hotmail.com please contact me if you can help.

Your Sincerely Rob Williamson

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
My name is Rob Williamson I live in = Australia and=20 have tired for about
a year to find plans for a liquid piston Stirling = engine. I=20 have made
several models but none of then has worked. I have just = completed=20
another search for liquid piston Stirling engines and your details came =
up. I=20 apologise for the interruption but if you know anything about the
engine = I would=20 love to know more, I am especially keen to build a
model. as previously = stated I=20 began searching ever since I saw a photo
of a LPSE but no one seems to = know=20 anything about them.

I have just connected to the net at = home tonight so=20 I am unsure of the
internet addresses, however I have a hotmail address. =
<3d.htm>rswilliamson@hotmail.<3d.htm>com = please=20 contact me if you can
help.

Your Sincerely Rob=20 Williamson

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From gmi64 at dial.pipex.com Tue Sep 19 11:29:44 2000
From: gmi64 at dial.pipex.com (Niel Nicholson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:39 2004
Subject: Charcoal
Message-ID: <200009191529.LAA11516@crest.solarhost.com>

Date: Tue, 19 Sep 2000 13:14:39 +0100
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boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0009_01C0223B.90C94BE0"
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X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200

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I have been trying to find out about commercial Charcoal production and =
a lot of the leads seem to come back to stoves@crest.org. What I am =
trying to find is as much information on charcoal production as I can. I =
am not interested in charcoal production by the old fashioned ring =
kilns, but am more interested in production by retorts. We are based in =
the UK and have a supply of dry hardwood timber currentlt going into =
landfill. We would like to prevent this and turn it into charcoal, but =
in a commercial way.
I would therefore be very interested in any information you have, =
contacts I should make, places I should visit, technology that is =
available etc etc.
Please therefore come back to me with anything that you may be able to =
help me with.
I very much look forward to hearing from you.

Niel Nicholson

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
I have been trying to find out about = commercial=20 Charcoal production
and a lot of the leads seem to come back to
<3d.htm>stoves@crest.<3d.htm>org. What I am trying = to find is=20 as much
information on charcoal production as I can. I am not interested = in=20
charcoal production by the old fashioned ring kilns, but am more =
interested in=20 production by retorts. We are based in the UK and have a
supply of dry = hardwood=20 timber currentlt going into landfill. We would
like to prevent this and = turn it=20 into charcoal, but in a commercial way.
I would therefore be very interested in = any=20 information you have,
contacts I should make, places I should visit, = technology=20 that is
available etc etc.
Please therefore come back to me with = anything that=20 you may be able to
help me with.
I very much look forward to hearing = from=20 you.

Niel = Nicholson

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From amsebbit at techmuk.ac.ug Wed Sep 20 07:21:37 2000
From: amsebbit at techmuk.ac.ug (adam sebbit)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:40 2004
Subject: Charcoal Briquettes from Bagasse
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.10.10008221722500.673-100000@techmuk.ac.ug>
Message-ID: <005001c022de$12ea4140$1b0112ac@techmuk.ac.ug>

I was out of the office for sometime. Will be very grateful if you can send
to the sample of the briquettes you made.You sand sent by bus. The Option is
AKAMBA bus services.

There is a growing interest in Bagasse usage in Uganda.

I may be in Nairobi 9-10 we may met there .

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adam.M.Sebbit
Makerere University
Department of Mechanical Engineering
P.O.Box 7062
Kampala, UGANDA
Tel: 256 -41-541173 / 545029
Cell 077-485803
Fax: 256-41-542377
----- Original Message -----
From: Faculty System Admin <admin@techmuk.ac.ug>
To: Adam Sebbit <amsebbit@techmuk.ac.ug>
Sent: Tuesday, August 22, 2000 5:22 PM
Subject: Charcoal Briquettes from Bagasse (fwd)

>
>
> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> Date: Sat, 29 Jul 2000 10:09:30 +0300
> From: KARSTAD <elk@net2000ke.com>
> To: Stoves <stoves@crest.org>
> Subject: Charcoal Briquettes from Bagasse
>
> Stovers;
>
> I'm sitting next to a small 'jiko' made of fired clay from the Nandi Hills
> district of Kenya. In it, burning without smoke, smell or sparks is a
double
> handfull of charcoal briquettes I've recently made from bagasse- the
fibrous
> residue of pressed sugarcane.
>
> After rapidly sun-drying around 25% moisture from the bulky, light
coloured
> fibrous/flakey bagasse on the open ground, we carbonised 400 kg in our
> ceramic-bed kilns (previously described). Carbonisation was a joy- the
> lighter and larger particles of bagass carbonised extremely rapidly in my
> system, primarily due to larger particle size and lower density. There was
a
> slight smell of burnt sugar. The volatiles flared completely in the
> combustion chamber/chimney. Bagasse is much easier to carbonise than the
> sawdust this system was originally designed for.
>
> The conversion rate to charcoal powder was 31% from the air-dried
material.
> Sawdust conversion, by comparison, is 36% in this kiln.
>
> The briquettes, produced via low-pressure extrusion, are less dense than
my
> Vendor's Waste Briquettes made from salvaged wood charcoal dust. With 20%
> clay as binder, the sun-dried bagasse charcoal briquette (BCB?) is
> gratifyingly hard; comparable with lump charcoal made from softwood. BCB
is
> harder than the sawdust charcoal briquettes I've produced to date. I
wonder
> why that would be?
>
> Ash residue is 27%, and burning time is short- also on par with softwood
> derived charcoal- exhibiting a quick and easy ignition and short time to
> full heat. Ash remains in the original briquette shape; fragile and light
> tan in colour.
>
> This small success opens up some big possibilities! Pity that the closest
> substantial supply of discarded bagasse is over 200 km from where I am
> located in Nairobi. The cost of transporting raw bagass 200 km obviates
any
> Nairobi-based BCB production.
>
> O.K.- back to the Jiko to warm up- it's COLD here in Nairobi during
August.
>
> elk
> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
> Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
> Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
> Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
> http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
> For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm
>

From larcon at sni.net Sat Sep 23 00:45:58 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:40 2004
Subject: Introduction
Message-ID: <v01540b08b5f1d7d9e9a7@[204.131.233.18]>

Stovers:

The following came in from new member Evaldas Birgiolas, from Lithuania.
I hope anyone interested in Evaldas' graduate program will make contact.

Evaldas:

Thanks you for your introduction. I believe you are our first
member from Lithuania or anywhere nearby. However, I believe we have 4 - 6
members from Denmark. Perhaps some of them will be able to make contact
especially. Please keep us informed of any questions we might answer about
what we are about. Again, welcome.

Ron

>
>Hello,
>
>I'm Evaldas Birgiolas. Second year Master student of Energy Planning in
>Vilnius Gediminas Technical university, Lithuania (Baltic State). This
>semester I'm studying in Aalborg university, Denmark. In 1999 I've graduate
>my bachelor degree.
>I'm intresting in this field as also in others and before couple of days
>I've been "traveling" in Internet and found this e-mail's virtual
>conference. So I decide that it might be good for me to subscribe. If you
>don't mind? There you are sharing a vorious information which can be
>usefull for my studies. So time to time I could interrupt.
>Thank you for your attention.
>
>Sincerely
>
>Evaldas Birgiolas
>
>
>At 13:43 2000.09.19 -0600, you wrote:
>>beva:
>>
>> Welcome to "stoves". Please feel free to introduce yourself
>> whenever you wish. I'd be glad to answer any questions about the
>>background on the list or maybe some special topic that brought you to the
>> list. We are about 185 stovers (all types - researchers, teachers, users,
>> etc) in about 35 countries.
>>
>>
>>
>>>--
>>>
>>>beva00@i4.auc.dk has been added to stoves.
>>>No action is required on your part.
>>
>>Ronal W. Larson, PhD
>>21547 Mountsfield Dr.
>>Golden, CO 80401, USA
>>303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
>>larcon@sni.net
>>
>>
>>
>

Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net

From larcon at sni.net Sun Sep 24 19:35:17 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:40 2004
Subject: sequestering carbon or consuming it?
Message-ID: <v01540b05b5f3e5a773d1@[204.131.233.15]>

Stovers:
I just finished a few days at a local conference on hydrogen. I
found that the hydrogen proponents are about half talking about the
hydrogen coming from splitting water using renewable sources, and about
half talking about using natural gas.

The latter half needs to do about what to do with the carbon from
CH4, which is more available around the world than most fowwil fuels - with
some still being flared for lack of a market, (We in the US have seen the
price of natural gas more than double in the last 6 months - but worldwide
it is still available cheaply in some places.)

The big value of the hydrogen in the cities is that ordinary car
engines can be converted readily and city pollution can be reduced. I saw
several cars and engines running on hydrogen. The claim was made that the
cars actually clean the streets they are driving on, as the dirty air going
into the engine comes out moister and cleaner.

There was considerable talk about stockpiling the carbon from the CH4,
used to obtain the H2 - so as to avoid the global warming problem - with a
hope that much more can be used for instance in the construction industry
(carbon filaments are stronger than steel).

The purpose of this note is to say that there may be a desire to
use some of the charcoal for briquettes - much as we have heard of using
methanol.

I don't recommend anyone on this list should start investing in
this carbon-producing technology, which is obviously quite some distance
off. But I wonder if anyone would care to comment on its midterm
applicability while natural gas is still around. Is this a better way to
obtain carbon for charcoal briquettes than most? Is it better than
stockpiling carbon for hundreds of years?

One hydrogen advocate talked about using the exhaust gases from
engines using hydrogen also for heating ovens and then heating homes.

Any thoughts?

Ron

Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net

From andrew.heggie at dtn.ntl.com Mon Sep 25 05:46:25 2000
From: andrew.heggie at dtn.ntl.com (Andrew Heggie)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:40 2004
Subject: sequestering carbon or consuming it?
In-Reply-To: <v01540b05b5f3e5a773d1@[204.131.233.15]>
Message-ID: <ur5usscjb40t54j25k070ooe6rnar9254f@4ax.com>

On Sun, 24 Sep 2000 16:49:47 -0600, you wrote:

>
>Stovers:
> I just finished a few days at a local conference on hydrogen. I
>found that the hydrogen proponents are about half talking about the
>hydrogen coming from splitting water using renewable sources, and about
>half talking about using natural gas.

At the level of wealth we have spoken of fossil fuels have been
inaccessible in any form, natural gas is a premium fuel but carries
with it (on the whole) the need for an expensive infrastructure.
>
> The latter half needs to do about what to do with the carbon from
>CH4, which is more available around the world than most fowwil fuels - with
>some still being flared for lack of a market, (We in the US have seen the
>price of natural gas more than double in the last 6 months - but worldwide
>it is still available cheaply in some places.)

The reason for flaring natural gas is that it needs either a
distribution grid or liquefying, both capital intensive. Remember when
oil was first discovered it was pitch that was the premium part and
the lighter fractions were burned off (including petrol).
>
> The big value of the hydrogen in the cities is that ordinary car
>engines can be converted readily and city pollution can be reduced. I saw
>several cars and engines running on hydrogen. The claim was made that the
>cars actually clean the streets they are driving on, as the dirty air going
>into the engine comes out moister and cleaner.

But hydrogen has poor energy density and a propensity to leak like no
other gas.

You appear to be slurring a number of co-related issues into one:

1) There is a trend toward a consensus that something must be done to
mitigate global warming by greenhouse gases, of which CO2 has been
cited as a main culprit.
-Biomass (cleanly combusted)is neutral in this respect.

2)There is a human health problem associated with emissions of
vehicles, heating, incineration and cooking.
-Biomass must be combusted more cleanly
-Vehicles in urban areas must be cleaner

3)We appear to be using up reserves of fossil fuels with our
profligate use of energy in the western world.
-Biomass has a part to play in substituting for them

> There was considerable talk about stockpiling the carbon from the CH4,
>used to obtain the H2 - so as to avoid the global warming problem - with a
>hope that much more can be used for instance in the construction industry
>(carbon filaments are stronger than steel).

This is high tech stuff, it might use natural gas or syn gas as a
route to carbon fibre (or engineering parts -carbon pistons are self
lubricating) but it is a torturous path from raw biomass. Tom Reed has
frequently spoken of charcoal making as wasteful. If the need is for
carbon sequestration why not utilise the heat from the pyrolysis gas
and land fill the charcoal, instead of gasification with 4% char go
for pyrolysis gasification with 25% char.
>
> The purpose of this note is to say that there may be a desire to
>use some of the charcoal for briquettes - much as we have heard of using
>methanol.
This defeats the purpose of reforming the gas, in fact from a
pollution point of view particulates from engine exhausts would reduce
by 70% running the petrol engines directly on natural gas. In remote
situations transport by cryogenic tankers is used, liquefaction has an
added benefit as it removes even small amounts of contaminants from
the CH4.
>
> I don't recommend anyone on this list should start investing in
>this carbon-producing technology, which is obviously quite some distance
>off. But I wonder if anyone would care to comment on its midterm
>applicability while natural gas is still around. Is this a better way to
>obtain carbon for charcoal briquettes than most? Is it better than
>stockpiling carbon for hundreds of years?
>
> One hydrogen advocate talked about using the exhaust gases from
>engines using hydrogen also for heating ovens and then heating homes.

If you think about it this is done already in gas condensing boilers.
I can see the reason for CH4 reforming for use in fuel cells but
consider this technology not yet mature for the western world, let
alone for the 5billion others.
AJH
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

From karve at wmi.co.in Tue Sep 26 09:16:49 2000
From: karve at wmi.co.in (karve)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:40 2004
Subject: papers at BFCS-2000
Message-ID: <39D0A23B.64EEB211@wmi.co.in>

Friends,
Here is a complete list of papers that are to be presented in
BFCS-2000. A few more papers have been promised but are still awaited. I
am circulating this in order to give you an overview of the variety of
topics that will be discussed. Also, it may help those of you who are
undecided about attending, in making a decision.
Regards,
Priyadarshini Karve.

(1) Stoves on the Carbon Market
Wim Hulscher, Zheng Luo, Auke Koopmans, Regional Wood Energy Development
Programme in Asia, Maliwan Mansion 39 Phra Atit Road Bangkok 10200
Thailand

(2) A New Approach for the Popularisation of Improved Stoves and Biomass
Based Fuels
M.R. Sarathchandra Das, Principal Investigator, State Technical Backup
Unit, College of Engineering, Thiruvananthapuram 695 016.

(3) New Designs of Improved Chulhas with Chimney
M.R. Sarathchandra Das, Principal Investigator, State Technical Backup
Unit, College of Engineering, Thiruvananthapuram 695 016.

(4)Crop Residue Based Renewable Energy Technologies for Rural
Development
M. Shyam, Project Co-ordinator, AICRP on Renewable Energy Sources,
Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering (ICAR), Nabi Bagh, Berasia
Road, Bhopal 462 038.

(5) The Ultimate Clean Domestic Fuel Methanol from Biomass
Bengt Ebbson, Electrolux Corporation, Harry C. Stokes, Charles A.
Stokes, The Stokes Consulting Group, USA

(6) Growing Our Own Energy
Ray Vijewardene, Research Engineer-Scientist, 133, Dharampala, Mawatha,
Colombo 7, Sri Lanka

(7) Plant Oils as Cooking Fuel: Development of a Household Cooking Stove
for Tropical and Subtropical Countries
Elmar Stumpf, W. MuehlbauerInstitute of Agricultural Engineering in the
Tropics and Subtropics, Hohenheim University, Garbenstr.9, Stuttgart,
Germany

(8) Ecological Woodstove Dissemination in Nicaragua
Rogerio Carnerio de Miranda, Main Technical Advisor, Association for
Wood Energy Development, PROLENA, Calle Prado Ecuestre, 301 Las Colinas
Managua Nicaragua

(9) Charcoal Preparation in Vidarbha Region - A Case Study
S.R. Gadge, A.G. Mohod, AICRP on Renewable Energy Sources for
Agricultural and Agrobased Industries, Dept. of UCES & EE, Dr. PDKV,
Akola 444 104

(10) Enthalpies of Formation of Some Aromatic Free Radicals. Bond
Dissociation Energies in Lignin Structural Units
Dmitri Ponomarev, Professor, St. Petersburg Forest Techical Academy,
Instituteski 5, 194021 St. Petersburgh, Russia

(11) Efficiency and Effectiveness of Plancha Stoves
Kenneth M. Bryden, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,
Iowa State University, Ames IA 50011-2161 USA, Dean Still, M.S.
Director, Aprovecho Research Centre, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA

(12) An Engineering Model of the Winiarski Rocket Stoves
Kenneth M. Bryden, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,
Iowa State University, Ames IA 50011-2161 USA, Dean Still, M.S.
Director, Aprovecho Research Centre, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA

(13) Utilisation of Wood Waste at the St. Petersburg Region
Yagodin V., Yudkevitch Y., Doubovyi V.St. Petersburg Forest Technical
Academy, Instituteski 5, 194021 St. Petersburgh, Russia

(14) The Pyromid Patented Natural Fuel Burning Technology
Paul W. Hait, President, Pyromid Inc., P.O. Box 6466, Bend Oregon 97708

(15) Agricultural Biomass Availability and Utilisation in Vidarbha
Region
G.K. Mazumdar, Associate Dean, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering,
Dr.PDKV, Akola 444 104

(16) Performance Study of High Capacity Biogas Burners
G.K. Mazumdar, Associate Dean, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering,
Dr.PDKV, Akola 444 104

(17) Impact of Improved Chulha on Quality of Cooking Environment
Rachel George, Prasad Kumar, Department of Home Management, Faculty of
Home Science, M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 062

(18) Development of Improved Chulha in the Eastern Region
Priyanath Haldar, C.P. Dutta, TBU, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741
235

(19) Fuel Saving Through Improved Chulha and Use of Forest Biomass as an
Alternative Source of Energy in Bastar
B.K. Rai, Scientific Officer, MP Council of Science and Technology,
Science and Technology Cell, Near Hotel Atithi, Frazepur, Jagdalpur 494
001, Bastar, R. Dobhal,Scientist, MP Council of Science and Technology,
26, Kisan Bhavan, Science Block, Jail Road, Arera Hills, Bhopal 462 004,
M.P.

(20) Use of CFD Simulation as a Design Tool for Biomass Stoves
M.R. Ravi (Assistant Professor), Sangeeta Kohli, Anjan Ray, Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas,
New Delhi 110 016

(21) Socio-technical Challenges and Opportunities of Improved Cooking
Stoves in Nepal
Rabin Lal Shrestha, Chairperson, SEECON, P.O. Box 2227, Kathmandu, Nepal

(22) Biomass Fuel and Cooking System It is Primary to meet ‘Energy
Needs’ so that a RIGHT TO LIFE (guaranteed to everyone under Indian
Constitution) Can be Assured
Surendra K. Jain, O-7, Hospital Road, Jaipur 302 001

(23) Some Experiments on Rice Husk Wood Mix as Fuel for Domestic Cooking
Stoves
Ramesh Kate, Rajan Kolhe, Mechanical Engineering Department, Dr.
Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere Raigad 402 103

(24) Improved Cook-stoves: Yet to be a Success Story
C.V. Krishna, Executive Director, Centre for Renewable Energy and
Appropriate Technology (CREAT), 208 Dharma Vihar, Jagamara, Bubaneshwar
751 030

(25) Briquettes as an alternative Fuel
Ramesh Man Singh, Royal Nepal Academy of Science and Technology
(RONAST), Khumaltar, G.P.O. Box 3323, Kathmandu, Nepal

(26) Emission Factors of Size-resolved Aerosols and Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbons from Biofuel Combustion
Chandra Venkatraman, Associate Professor, Centre for Environmental
Science and Engineering (CESE), Indian Institute of Technology Powai,
Mumbai 400 076

(27) Developing an Inventory of Sulphur Dioxide Emissions from Biofuel
Combustion in India from Climate Studies
G. Parween, M.S. Reddy, C. Venkatraman, Centre for Environmental Science
and Engineering (CESE), Indian Institute of Technology Powai, Mumbai 400
076

(28) A Survey on Conversion of Biomass into Higher Grade Fuels and Stove
Designs for Efficient Utilisation of these Fuels in Bangladesh
Lulu Bilquis Banu, Sr. Scientific Officer, Institute of Fuel Research
and Development (BCSIR), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh

(29) Joint Forest Management (JFM) and Biomass Use: A Necessity for
Revolutionising Sustainable Rural Energy Programme (SREP)
Ramit Basu, Flat No. 301, Datta & Chadda Enclave, Opp. G.S. College of
Commerce, South Civil Lines, Jabalpur 482 001

(30) Waste to Wealth: Charcoal Briquettes A Clean Fuel for Rural
Households
Rajesh Bajpai, Development Alternatives, 1077, Civil Lines, Jhansi 284
001

(31) A Review of Successful Commercial Improved Cook-stove
Dissemination; Impacts and Lessons learnt from the Sri Lanka
Kiran Dhanapala,West Virginia University, USA

(32) (abstract awaited)
Ronal Larson, 21547 Mountsfield Drive Golden Colorado 80401 USA

(33) (abstract awaited)
G.S. Tasgaonkar, Principal, Sinhagad College of Engineering, Wadgaon
Budruk, Pune

(34) (Turbo stove)
Thomas B. Reed, 1810 Smith Road Golden Colorado 80401 USA

(35) Participation in Household Energy Programmes: A Case Study from
India
Jon Rouse, 4 Smallholding, Ashford, Middlesex, TW15 2HB, England

(36) Conversion of Sugarcane Trash to Biogas
ARTI

(37) A Biomass Charring System for the Rural Farmer
ARTI

(38) New Approaches to Clean and Efficient Cooking using Biomass-based
Fuels
ARTI

(39) A Review of NPIC and Possible Future Directions
ARTI

(40) (Indoor Air Quality study in Andhra Pradesh)
World Bank Representative, The World Bank, New Delhi

(41) (Container Kiln)
A.S. Pimenta, Departmento de Engenharia Florestal Universidade Federal
de Vicosa 36571-000-Vicosa, MG, Brazil

(42) (Abstract awaited)
Alex English, RR 2, Odessa Ontario, Canada K0H 2H0

(43) Video film on stove design developed by the presenter (20 min)
D.M. Punchibanda, National Engineering Research and Development Centre
of Sri Lanka, 2P/17B Industrial Estate Ekala, Jaela, Sri Lanka

From larcon at sni.net Wed Sep 27 13:15:06 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:40 2004
Subject: Forwarding Bates on Boiling Point -45
Message-ID: <v01540b04b5f7ca8696f1@[204.131.233.13]>

Stovers - This is a very important stoves publication that we must
support. I hope that those with new messages will take advantage of this
opportunity. (This approach necessary because Liz receives the digest
only)

Ron

>From: Liz Bates <elizabethb@itdg.org.uk>
>To: "'owner-stoves-digest@crest.org'" <owner-stoves-digest@crest.org>
>Subject: Boiling Point -45
>Date: Tue, 26 Sep 2000 10:48:43 +0100
>MIME-Version: 1.0
>
>
>Dear Ron
>Please could you pass this on to other members of the stoves-network. I'm
>hoping to get it to the typesetters very soon, so the information will be
>up-to-date.
>With thanks
>Liz
>
>Boiling Point-45 is soon to go to the typesetters. If you would like to
>promote any of the work you are doing, or find others who are working in
>similar fields, please feel welcome to send me brief details to go into the
>section 'What's happening in household energy?'.
>I'd also welcome any news of publications or journals on household energy
>which you would like me to promote.....and finally, there will not be a
>'letters' page, unless you send me some letters! If anything in BP44
>interested you...or enraged you...please let me know; now is the time to
>tell all the other BP readers.
>In all cases, please try to make it brief, but make sure that you also
>supply full contact details, as many of our readers do not have web access.
>
>Liz Bates
>lizb@itdg.org.uk
>Intermediate Technology Development Group
>Schumacher Centre for Technology Development
>Bourton Hall
>Bourton On Dunsmore
>Warwickshire
>CV23 9QZ
>Tel: +44 - 01788 661100
>Fax: +44 - 01788 661101
>http://www.oneworld.org/itdg
>http:/www.itdg.org.pe
>
>Company Reg. No 871954, England
>Charity No 247257
>

From larcon at sni.net Wed Sep 27 19:13:03 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:40 2004
Subject: Forwarding Svec on coal heat
Message-ID: <v01540b01b5f7d7818884@[204.131.233.48]>

Stovers:
The following just in that brings in a new topic - the use of coal
for cooking. I also just turned down a commercial coal query - but this
one makes claims about biomass-fueled stoves that certainly warrant
discussion on this list.

Kirk Smith: Has your work corroborated the claims made here about coal
being superior to wood?

Steven: Our list is primarily interested in finding improvements to simple
(ie three-stone) stoves used in developing countries. I am pretty sure
you are referring to results in modern well-enclosed (expensive) stoves -
but I was not aware that there was much use of coal in this market, Could
you please send in another message clarifying on the sources of your data -
and whether you have seen anything on much simpler (probably not enclosed)
cook stoves. In particular, there seems to be use of coal in China for
simple stoves. Do you have any data on that topic?

Thanks for your input. Emissions are a key part of what is driving stoves
activities these days. There are many different efforts on this list - and
I guess that little has been done to compare with coal. It will be
interesting to see what your posting brings forth.

Ron

>From: "Steven T. Svec" <ssvec@cmuonline.net>
>To: <owner-stoves@crest.org>
>Subject: coal heat
>Date: Sun, 24 Sep 2000 22:17:48 -0500
>MIME-Version: 1.0
>X-Priority: 3
>X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
>X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.3018.1300
>Status: U
>
>Coal burning in open fireplaces is usually a very dirty way to heat. Coal
>burning in stoves,however is much cloeaner, in fact the highly toxic/toxic
>emmisssions from similerly sized wood stoves (by btu output) are as much
>as 15x the same chemical emmited by a coal stove and every (toxic)
>chemical is emmited in larger amounts by a wood stove! the key to having
>a successful coal fire (not smelling the exhaust) is to have a taller
>chimney than you would oridanarrily have. Coal produces large amounts of
>carbon, and yes, that is what fly ash is mostly composed of. there has
>been some studies done by the EPA (US) that have shown the Ultra fine
>particulates produced by natural gas combustion to be much more harmful
>than the much larger (200-350x) coal particualtes, because they can go
>more places in youre body. yes, coal does not produce creosote or tarry
>flamable residue, only soft powdery carbon-soot that cannott infinately
>build up to clog your chimney, because it will fall apart before it gets
>an inch thick-(I have been heating my 4,500 square foot house with three
>coal stoves for 23 years, and would never switch to anything elce) * the
>reason coal has a very strong oder is because of the burned sulfur.
>

Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net

From english at adan.kingston.net Thu Sep 28 07:14:16 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:40 2004
Subject: GAS-L: New motor
In-Reply-To: <c9.8ddf09d.27041be8@aol.com>
Message-ID: <200009281113.HAA15473@adan.kingston.net>

Hi Peter and all,
Have a look at my low tech, hi performance, batch load, top down,
50 kW thermal gasifier based on Tom Reeds IDD charcoal making stove.
It doesn't get any easier.

http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/bigtop/bigtop.htm

With a few burner modifications it would couple to the STM
(Stirling Thermal Motors) engine quite nicely.

Do you grow dry wood pellets down in Belize? ;)

Alex

> > http://www.stmcorporation.com/multiheat.htm
> >
> >
> > As it is external combustion -- should be suited to gasifiers with to much
> > tar.
> >
> > 40% over all efficiencies -- 60 HP per liter capacity -- I kid you not!
> >
> >
> >
> > Peter Singfield
> > Belize
>
> Hi Peter,
>
> Thanks for the link. The ingenuity of man never ceases to amaze me. I hope
> this technology is further developed, refined and - implemented - *before*
> cheap oil finally goes away.
>
> Best always,
> Vernon
> The Gasification List is sponsored by
> USDOE BioPower Program http://www.eren.doe.gov/biopower/
> and PRM Energy Systems http://www.prmenergy.com
>
> Other Sponsors, Archives and Information
> http://www.nrbp.org/bio2000.htm
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
> http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/gasref.shtml
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
>
>

BioEnergy Lists: Improved Biomass Cooking Stoves

September 2000 Biomass Cooking Stoves Archive