[Terrapreta] Terrapreta Digest, Vol 15, Issue 14

[MFH]

Well said Nikolaus.

I've lived in Papua New Guinea for 40 years and understand your reasoning.
To the surprise of many, 'formal' agriculture can be traced back at least
8000 years in the Wahgi Valley of PNG.

I tend to favour the argument that the TP soils are not the result of
deliberate and planned char production and distribution. 

Max Henderson

-----Original Message-----
From: terrapreta-bounces at bioenergylists.org
[mailto:terrapreta-bounces at bioenergylists.org] On Behalf Of Nikolaus Foidl
Sent: Monday, 7 April 2008 11:33 AM
To: terrapreta at bioenergylists.org
Subject: Re: [Terrapreta] Terrapreta Digest, Vol 15, Issue 14


Dear All¨

I live in Bolivia on a farm and next to our farm are several small
indigenous villages or house gatherings where the original people still live
as they did hundreds of years ago. They have, as we have a certain need to
clean the houses from trash and the main place and the surroundings of the
houses. Everything starting with rests of fruits and gardening as well rests
of food and cooking is thrown into a pit in the backyard. Nowadays some have
chicken and pigs so part of those thrown away organic materials are still
taken as food from those animals what did not happen before the Spanish
arrived because they had no chicken and pigs before. The fires which burn
all day and long into the night to spook the mosquitoes away produce huge
amounts of badly burned rests and ashes. The simple pottery they use are a
short life pottery, they fall down, the dogs or pigs or children brake it,
the pottery is not very heat resistant so brake easily when put into fire
with something cooking in it etc. so there is a good amount of broken
pottery a day in the village which as well is thrown into the trash pit in
the backyard. The defecation as well is done next to the pit and thrown into
it, to clean their ass, leaves and corncobs are the most used items which as
well end up in the pit. So if you have a closer look at the content of the
pit then you see that's an accumulation of a lot of minerals like potassium,
phosphorus, nitrogen, magnesium ,calcium etc. If you do a mass balance over
100 years or more its a simple mineral dump because with all that rain the
organics after 3 to 6 weeks are all eaten up by bacteria and fungi and what
is left is slower degrading bones from animals, lignin and some cellulose.
After 500 years in such high water and high temperature environments even
the bones and lignin etc . Are irecognizeable mineralized .
So there is no meaningful wise man or ethnic which studied how to rise the
fertility of the soils , no complicated thinking about cationic exchange
capacity or nitrogen influence in crop production etc. it is as simple as it
can get it is a series of dumpsters with over time interconnected. Those
people had and still have several village like compounds which they visit
regularly what means when the population of eat able animals is down due to
over hunting they simply move on some kilometers and stay in the next place
one or two seasons and after several years they come back to always the same
places and erect again some very primitive housings and the cycle starts
over again.
You have to have in mind that under these conditions where you spend 95% of
your time for surviving and where everybody has the same workload just to
survive there is not much room for experiments and development. That's the
reason why they are still 5000 years back in there social and human
developement.Untill they develope a social network with different functions
for different social groups in the village they wont have people freed from
the dally workload of surviving so they can dedicate time for development of
the same group.
If somebody will have a look at our dumpsters in some 2000 years from now
the same esoteric discussion about the deeper meaning of accumulating things
in the dumpster will happen. What do you think why did the accumulate flat
glass peaces and half round glass peaces so evenly distributed in the
surrounding soil? Is it possible that they had a growing system where they
avoided humidity loss from the soil covering the soil around the plants with
different types of glasses, did they filter out different damaging light
waves with different colors? And reality is : its a dumpster where we throw
our waste in without thinking very much about the consequences.

That's it , don't interpret things in terra preta which never where there,
its a dumpster.

Best regards Nikolaus





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